What is the second law of thermodynamics give some examples?
Examples of the second law of thermodynamics For example, when a hot object is placed in contact with a cold object, heat flows from the hotter one to the colder one, never spontaneously from colder to hotter. If heat were to leave the colder object and pass to the hotter one, energy could still be conserved.
What is correct explanation of second law of thermodynamics Mcq?
EXPLANATION: The Second Law (Kelvin-Planck statement) of thermodynamics states that no process is possible whose sole result is the absorption of heat from a reservoir and the complete conversion of the heat into work. So option 4 is correct.
What is the second law of thermodynamics answer?
The second law of thermodynamics states that any spontaneously occurring process will always lead to an escalation in the entropy (S) of the universe. In simple words, the law explains that an isolated system’s entropy will never decrease over time.
What are the main features of the second law of thermodynamics?
The second law of thermodynamics states that as energy is transferred or transformed, more and more of it is wasted. It’s one of the four laws of thermodynamics, which describe the relationships between thermal energy, or heat, and other forms of energy, and how energy affects matter.
What caused the second law of thermodynamics?
History of the second law of thermodynamics In his book, “A New Kind of Science” (Wolfram Media, 2018), Stephen Wolfram wrote, “Around 1850 Rudolf Clausius and William Thomson (Lord Kelvin) stated that heat does not spontaneously flow from a colder body to a hotter body.” This became the basis for the Second Law.
What does a nozzle do?
A nozzle is often a pipe or tube of varying cross sectional area, and it can be used to direct or modify the flow of a fluid (liquid or gas). Nozzles are frequently used to control the rate of flow, speed, direction, mass, shape, and/or the pressure of the stream that emerges from them.
Why entropy is always increasing?
Entropy always increases, because a high amount of disorder is, by definition, is more likely than a low amount of disorder. With our definition of disorder as the multiplicity of the macrostate, every condition of a system has a well-defined disorder.
What is the symbol of entropy?
S
The symbol for entropy is S, and a change in entropy is shown as “delta” S or ΔS. If the entropy of a system increases, ΔS is positive. If the entropy of a system decreases, ΔS is negative.
What is the importance of the second law of thermodynamics?
Why is the second law of thermodynamics so important? Second law of thermodynamics is very important because it talks about entropy and as we have discussed, ‘entropy dictates whether or not a process or a reaction is going to be spontaneous’.
Who discovered second law of thermodynamics?
Rudolf Clausius
Around 1850 Rudolf Clausius and William Thomson (Kelvin) stated both the First Law – that total energy is conserved – and the Second Law of Thermodynamics.
What is the importance of second law of thermodynamics?
How can COP be greater than 1?
The COP usually exceeds 1, especially in heat pumps, because, instead of just converting work to heat (which, if 100% efficient, would be a COP of 1), it pumps additional heat from a heat source to where the heat is required.
Why COP of AC is more than refrigerator?
Since the heat exchange in the evaporator changes the phase of the refrigerant, and it is known that during the phase change the temperature and the pressure are dependent properties therefore the pressure of the evaporator in the air-conditioner will be more compared to the refrigerator for the same condenser pressure …
What is jet control?
Jet Control System – Extended (JCS Extended) by KONGSBERG, is an advanced and compact control system for operating waterjets steering, reversing bucket and optional interceptor movement.
What is convergent and divergent nozzle?
Nozzles can be described as convergent (narrowing down from a wide diameter to a smaller diameter in the direction of the flow) or divergent (expanding from a smaller diameter to a larger one).
Is entropy positive or negative?
The symbol for entropy is S, and a change in entropy is shown as “delta” S or ΔS. If the entropy of a system increases, ΔS is positive. If the entropy of a system decreases, ΔS is negative.
What are the main features of second law of thermodynamics?
The Clausius form of the second law states that spontaneous change for an irreversible process in an isolated system (that is, one that does not exchange heat or work with its surroundings) always proceeds in the direction of increasing entropy.