What is Blepharophimosis syndrome?
Blepharophimosis, ptosis, and epicanthus inversus syndrome (BPES) is a rare developmental condition affecting the eyelids and ovary. Typically, four major facial features are present at birth: narrow eyes, droopy eyelids, an upward fold of skin of the inner lower eyelids and widely set eyes.
What causes Blepharophimosis syndrome?
BPES is caused by a mutation in a gene called FOXL2, which controls the production of the FOXL2 protein. This protein, in turn, is involved in the development of the muscles in the eyelids as well as the growth and development of ovarian cells.
What causes epicanthus?
Epicanthus supraciliaris: It occurs when the free fold originates from the midpoint of the eyebrow and runs down on the side of nostril, ending over the anterior lacrimal crest. It obscures medial canthus and caruncle.
Is Blepharophimosis syndrome hereditary?
BPES is a genetic syndrome inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. Up to fifty percent of cases are thought to be sporadic from de novo mutations in the FOXL2 gene.
What causes Blepharoptosis?
In adults blepharoptosis is usually caused by aging, eye surgery, or disease affecting the levator muscle or its nerve. In both children and adults, blepharoptosis can be corrected with surgery.
What is the meaning of epicanthus?
epicanthus. / (ˌɛpɪˈkænθəs) / noun plural -thi (-θaɪ) a fold of skin extending vertically over the inner angle of the eye: characteristic of Mongolian peoples and a congenital anomaly among other racesAlso called: epicanthic fold.
Can ptosis be cured without surgery?
Apart from reversible medical causes, where treating the systemic disease reverses the ptosis, there is no non-surgical treatment of ptosis.
What is repair of blepharoptosis?
Blepharoptosis repair corrects weakness of the levator palpebrae muscle. This weakness results in the drooping of the upper lid with possible obstruction of the superior visual field if the abnormality is severe enough. Many cases of mild ptosis do not result in significant superior visual field compromise.
What is epicanthus fold?
Epicanthal folds are oblique or vertical folds from the upper or lower eyelids towards the medial canthus. Usually bilateral, they may involve either or both the upper and lower eyelids. These folds can be caused by excessive development of the skin across the bridge of the nose.
Is epicanthus normal?
Epicanthus palpebralis The fold may cover the inner canthus. It is normal in fetuses of all ethnic origins and common in young children with a flat nasal bridge. Epicanthus palpebralis is a normal feature in many populations, mostly Asians. It is common in syndromes where the nasal bridge is flat, such as trisomy 21.
What is the treatment for ptosis?
The most common treatment for ptosis is a surgical procedure called a ptosis repair. 1 The surgeon numbs the area around your eyelid with a local anesthetic. Then they make a small incision (cut) in the skin on the upper eyelid. They can then tighten the levator muscle with stitches to raise the eyelid.
What is the best procedure for droopy eyelids?
Blepharoplasty (BLEF-uh-roe-plas-tee) is a type of surgery that repairs droopy eyelids and may involve removing excess skin, muscle and fat. As you age, your eyelids stretch, and the muscles supporting them weaken.
What causes eyelid to droop?
Drooping of the eyelid is called ptosis. Ptosis may result from damage to the nerve that controls the muscles of the eyelid, problems with the muscle strength (as in myasthenia gravis), or from swelling of the lid.
What causes blepharoptosis?
What is the difference between blepharoplasty and blepharoptosis repair?
Blepharoplasty is performed to remove excess skin tissue from the upper lid. Blepharoptosis repair corrects weakness of the levator palpebrae muscle. This weakness results in the drooping of the upper lid with possible obstruction of the superior visual field if the abnormality is severe enough.
What is Monolids?
Monolid eyes, or epicanthal folds, are an eyelid shape commonly seen in people of Asian descent. It’s also seen in people with genetic conditions. With monolid eyes, the skin of your upper eyelids covers the inner parts of your eyes. You don’t have folds dividing your eyelids into two parts.
What are the 5 functions of the eyes?
The Main Functions of the Eye
- Light Detection. Every object reflects light.
- Night Vision. The less light there is, the less the items will reflect for the eyes, making nighttime or darkness harder to see.
- Focus. The eye, like a camera, has a lens.
- Depth Perception.
- Balance.