What is creep landslide?
The slowest kind of landslide is known as creep. When clay in the soil on a hillside absorbs water, it will expand, causing the soil to swell. As the clay dries and contracts, the particles settle slightly in the downhill direction.
What is rotational and translational landslide?
Rotational slides commonly show slow movement along a curved rupture surface. Translational slides often are rapid movements along a plane of distinct weakness between the overlying slide material and the more stable underlying material.
What causes an Earthflow?
A rapid earth flow typically begins as a small landslide on a steep bank where a stream or river has eroded a valley into a sensitive clay deposit. Excess precipitation, elevated ground-water levels, earthquakes, pile driving and long-term erosion have triggered such earth flows (Sharpe, 1938; Lefebvre, 1996).
What is translational landslide?
A translational or planar landslide is a downslope movement of material that occurs along a distinctive planar surface of weakness such as a fault, joint or bedding plane. Some of the largest and most damaging landslides on Earth are translational.
Where do creep landslides occur?
The primary regions of landslide occurrence and potential are the coastal and mountainous areas of California, Oregon, and Washington, the States comprising the intermountain west, and the mountainous and hilly regions of the Eastern United States.
What causes a translational landslide?
Translational slides Such slumps and slides occur in very wet weather, when the near-surface soil and rock debris gets saturated with water, and slides and flows downslope.
What happens in a Earthflow?
An earthflow (earth flow) is a downslope viscous flow of fine-grained materials that have been saturated with water and moves under the pull of gravity. It is an intermediate type of mass wasting that is between downhill creep and mudflow.
What is the difference between an Earthflow and a debris flow?
A debris flow is the movement of a water-laden mass of loose mud, sand, soil, rock and debris down a slope. A debris flow can dash down the slope, reaching speeds of 100 miles per hour or greater. An earthflow is a flow of fine-grained material that typically develops at the lower end of a slope.
What causes a creep?
The most important process producing creep, aside from direct gravitational influences, is frost heaving: as interstitial water freezes, surface particles are forced up and out perpendicular to the slope; when let down by melting, these particles are drawn directly downward by gravity and are thereby gradually moved …
What is the difference between slump and landslide?
Landslides involve rock and debris moving downslope along a planar surface, whereas slumping usually occurs along a curved interface and as a single large unit. Slumps are commonly observed in large impact craters, including Giordano Bruno, Darwin C, Klute W, Milne N, and Steno Q.
What is creep movement?
Creep is the imperceptibly slow, downslope movement of soil and earth materials. Rates of movement are often only a few centimeters per year, but the inevitability of creep can severely impact shallowly-placed structures.
What causes soil creep landslide?
They defined soil creep caused by burrowing agents (e.g., worms, ants, and moles) and tree throw as the main factor for creeping soil.
What are the 4 main types of landslides?
Landslides are part of a more general erosion or surficial pro- cess known as mass wasting, which is simply the downslope movement of earth or surface materials due to gravity. They are classified into four main types: fall and toppling, slides (rotational and translational), flows and creep.
What are the 5 types of landslides?
Types of landslides
- Rotational landslide.
- Translational landslide.
- Debris flow.
- Debris avalanche.
- Earthflow.
- Creep.
- Lateral spread.
What is the difference between debris flow and earthflow?
What is earthflow and mudflow?
Earth flow is a form of mass wasting in which behaviour of the earth material is that of a plastic solid. Solifluction is an Arctic variety of earth flow in the treeless tundra. Mass wasting takes the form of mud flow if proportion of water to mineral matter is large. It travels fast down the channels of stream.
What is earthflow in geology?
Definition of earthflow : a landslide consisting of unconsolidated surface material that moves down a slope when saturated with water — compare mudflow.
How are slumps and rockslides different?
As nouns the difference between rockslide and slump is that rockslide is (geology) a type of landslide characterized by falling rocks while slump is a heavy or helpless collapse; a slouching or drooping posture; a period of poor activity or performance, especially an extended period.
What are the 6 types of landslide?
These include falls, topples, translational slides, lateral spreads, and flows. In falls and topples, heavy blocks of material fall after separating from a very steep slope or cliff. Boulders tumbling down a slope would be a fall or topple.
What is slide and slump?
Introduction. Slides and rotational slides (slumps) include downward and horizontal displacement of rigid or semi-rigid masses of soil (earth and debris), or rock under the influence of gravity. This includes movements of land and the sea bottom. It differs from a collapse where displacement is entirely vertical.