What are the properties of hydroxyapatite?
Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a calcium phosphate similar to the human hard tissues in morphology and composition1. Particularly, it has a hexagonal structure2, 3 and a stoichiometric Ca/P ratio of 1.67, which is identical to bone apatite2, 4, 5.
Why hydroxyapatite is a preferred material to enhance bone attachment?
Historically, hydroxyapatite (HAp), Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 has been the best bone substitute, because it can achieve a sound, firm bond with bone tissue, and furthermore, it can demonstrate osteoconductive behaviour and have no undesirable effects on the human body [15,22,23,24,25,26].
Why hydroxyapatite is used in implant fabrication?
The bio-active and biodegradable properties of hydroxyapatite (HA) make this material a preferred candidate for implants such as bone replacement in replacing natural tissues damaged by diseases and accidents. However, the low mechanical strength of HA hinders its application.
Why is hydroxyapatite important?
Hydroxyapatite: A major component and an essential ingredient of normal bone and teeth. Hydroxyapatite makes up bone mineral and the matrix of teeth. It is hydroxyapatite that gives bones and teeth their rigidity. Hydroxyapatite molecules can group together (crystalize) to form microscopic clumps.
What material is hydroxyapatite?
calcium phosphate mineral
Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a calcium phosphate mineral with the chemical formula Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2. HA-like compounds compose approximately 65% of bone, making it an appealing option for a synthetic bone composite [55].
What is the composition of hydroxyapatite?
Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a ceramic material which forms the mineral phase of bone. It is comprised primarily of calcium and phosphate at a respective ratio of 1.67.
What kind of material is hydroxyapatite?
Hydroxyapatite (HA) is an inorganic mineral that has a typical apatite lattice structure as (A10(BO4)6C2) where A, B, and C are defined by Ca, PO4, and OH. Pure HA contains 39.68% by weight calcium and 18% by weight phosphorus resulting in a Ca/P mole ratio of 1.67.
How does hydroxyapatite work?
Hydroxyapatite remineralizes teeth by replacing lost minerals such as calcium and phosphates caused by high levels of acid or bacteria. Remineralization takes place when filling the microscopic cracks in our teeth created by tooth decay, and used in our saliva to do just that for our teeth.
What is hydroxyapatite composed of?
What is the density of hydroxyapatite?
3.18 g/ml
Physical and Chemical Properties
| Composition | Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 |
|---|---|
| CAS | 1306-06-5 |
| Melting Point | 1670 C |
| Density | 3.18 g/ml |
| Molecular Weight | mol. wt. = 1004.69 |
What is hydroxyapatite crystal?
What are hydroxyapatite crystals? Hydroxyapatite molecules can group together (crystallize) to form microscopic clumps, called hydroxyapatite crystals. Tiny crystals of hydroxyapatite sometimes form in or around joints and can cause inflammation of joints and tissues around the joints, such as tendons and ligaments.
What is hydroxyapatite made up of?
Hydroxyapatite is present in bone and teeth; bone is made primarily of HA crystals interspersed in a collagen matrix—65 to 70% of the mass of bone is HA. Similarly HA is 70 to 80% of the mass of dentin and enamel in teeth. In enamel, the matrix for HA is formed by amelogenins and enamelins instead of collagen.
How effective is hydroxyapatite?
The present study confirmed that a fluoride-free oral care gel with 15% hydroxyapatite is as effective in remineralizing initial caries lesions as a highly concentrated fluoride oral care gel with 12,500 ppm F−, and neither gel is inferior to the other with respect to remineralizing initial caries lesions.
What is hydroxyapatite made from?
Hydroxyapatite is a naturally occurring form of the mineral calcium apatite—calcium, phosphorous, and oxygen—that grows in hexagonal crystals. Pure hydroxyapatite is white in color. It makes up most of the human bone structure, builds tooth enamel, and collects in tiny amounts in part of the brain.
Is hydroxyapatite a metal?
Up to 50% by volume and 70% by weight of human bone is a modified form of hydroxyapatite, known as bone mineral. Carbonated calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite is the main mineral of which dental enamel and dentin are composed….
| Hydroxyapatite | |
|---|---|
| Refractive index | nω = 1.651 nε = 1.644 |
| Birefringence | δ = 0.007 |
| References |
Is hydroxyapatite a ceramic?
Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a calcium phosphate ceramic.
Is hydroxyapatite inert?
Porous ceramic and non-ceramic hydroxyapatite is osteoconductive, biocompatible and very inert.
Is hydroxyapatite a crystal?
What is hydroxyapatite made of?
What is the shape of hydroxyapatite?
Particularly, it has a hexagonal structure 2, 3 and a stoichiometric Ca/P ratio of 1.67, which is identical to bone apatite 2, 4, 5. An important characteristic of hydroxyapatite is its stability when compared to other calcium phosphates.
What is hydroxyapatite coating for implants?
Titanium and stainless steel implants are often covered with hydroxyapatite coatings to trick the body and reduce the implant rejection rate. Hydroxyapatite can also be used in instances where there are bone voids or defects.
Can hydroxyapatite nanoparticles be used to repair tooth enamel?
Experimental results demonstrate the advantages of nano-hydroxyapatite in enamel repair 9-10, which has led to its incorporation in toothpastes and mouth-rinsing solutions to promote the restoration of demineralized enamel or dentin surfaces by depositing hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in the defects 11.
Is hydroxyapatite the most stable calcium phosphate?
Thermodynamically, hydroxyapatite is the most stable calcium phosphate compound under physiological conditions as temperature, pH and composition of the body fluids 2. With the development of nanotechnology, a major impact on materials science has been noticed.