How common is iodine deficiency in the USA?
The study, “Iodine Nutrition in the United States: Trends and Implications,” based on CDC’s National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES), found in a 1988-1994 sample of the U.S. population that nearly 12 percent of Americans had low urine iodine concentrations, an increase from three percent of the …
Where is iodine deficiency most common?
Iodine deficient soils are most common in inland regions, mountainous areas and areas of frequent flooding, but can also occur in coastal regions (2). This arises from the distant past through glaciation, compounded by the leaching effects of snow, water and heavy rainfall, which removes iodine from the soil.
Is iodine deficiency reemerging in the United States?
Iodized salt, introduced in the 1920s, eliminated the U.S. “goiter belt,” and since the 1940s, the U.S. overall has been considered iodine sufficient. However, U.S. dietary iodine intakes have decreased by 50% since the 1970s, and recently, mild iodine deficiency has reemerged in some population groups.
Where is the iodine rich soil?
Sedimentary rock, especially shale, is rich in iodine while igneous rock has very low levels of iodine. While other nutrients, like zinc, are derived from the parent materials of the soil (minerals and organic material transported by water, ice, wind, etc.
Where did the goiter belt exist in the United States?
The upper Midwest and Great Lakes regions were termed the ”goiter belt” because 30% to 40% of the population had goiters in 1922.
How much iodine does the average American get?
Based on analytical results from TDS food samples collected between 2008 and 2012, combined with food consumption estimates, the average daily iodine intake in the United States was 216 mcg/day, with a range from 141 to 296 mcg/day across all age and gender groups [24].
Why is there iodine deficiency in hilly areas?
Hilly areas such as Himalayas are far away from the sea coast, hence the iodine content of the hill soil is negligible. As a result, the food grown in such soil also becomes iodine deficient. When people in the Himalayas consume iodine deficient food, they do not get adequate intake of iodine.
What is the most common cause of iodine deficiency?
What is the most common cause of iodine deficiency? Pregnancy and breastfeeding put women at risk for iodine deficiency.
How long does it take to correct iodine deficiency?
It’s reasonable for those with unexplained fatigue, CFS or fibromyalgia to add an iodine supplement (6-12 mg) daily for three months to see if it helps. You’ll often see a marked increase in energy within the first month. How Do You Know Your Iodine Levels Are Low? Iodine testing isn’t always the best way.
Where can you find iodine in nature?
Iodine is naturally present in the ocean and some sea fish and water plants will store it in their tissues. Iodine can be found naturally in air, water and soil. The most important sources of natural iodine are the oceans.
Why is the Midwest considered the goiter belt?
The upper Midwest and Great Lakes regions were termed the ”goiter belt” because 30% to 40% of the population had goiters in 1922. 3 Universal salt iodization was adopted worldwide in 1993 in efforts to reduce iodine defi- ciency disorders.
Why did salt become iodized in the United States?
As a solution to introduce more iodine into the diets of people who lived inland or at high elevations, where iodine is not naturally present, the United States started fortifying salt with iodine. The goiter problem was gone almost overnight.
Do Americans get too much iodine?
The situation has stabilized in recent years, with national nutrition surveys showing that most Americans get enough iodine, and only small numbers get too little or too much. Current dietary guidelines recommend that men and women ages 19 and older get 150 micrograms of iodine a day.
Does pink Himalayan salt have iodine?
Although pink Himalayan salt may naturally contain some iodine, it most likely contains less iodine than iodized salt. Therefore, those who have iodine deficiency or are at risk of deficiency may need to source iodine elsewhere if using pink salt instead of table salt.
What are the signs of lack of iodine?
Symptoms of iodine deficiency and related thyroid disorders can include:
- Swelling of thyroid glands in the neck.
- A visible lump (goiter) on your neck.
- Weight gain, fatigue and weakness.
- Thinning hair.
- Dry skin.
- Feeling colder than usual.
- Slowed heart rate.
- Learning and memory difficulties.
Who is most at risk for iodine deficiency?
Because the effects of iodine deficiency are most severe in pregnant women and their babies, the American Thyroid Association® has recommended that all U.S. women who are planning pregnancy, pregnant, or breastfeeding take a prenatal multivitamin containing 150 μg iodine per day.
How do you improve iodine deficiency?
Individuals in the United States can maintain adequate iodine in their diet by using iodized table salt, by eating foods high in iodine, particularly dairy products, seafood, meat, some breads, and eggs, and by taking a multivitamin containing iodine (see below).
Which countries banned iodized salt?
Table 1
Country | Existence of legislation | Notes/comments |
---|---|---|
1. Afghanistan | Existing | |
2. Bangladesh | Existing | New legislation is reportedly under development |
3. Bhutan | None | Although there is no legislation, non-iodized salt has been banned by the National Assembly and the sole salt plant is state-owned |
4. Brunei Darussalam | Existing |
What are the signs that the body is too low on iodine?
Here are 10 signs and symptoms of an iodine deficiency.
- Swelling in the Neck. Share on Pinterest.
- Unexpected Weight Gain. Unexpected weight gain is another sign of an iodine deficiency.
- Fatigue and Weakness.
- Hair loss.
- Dry, Flaky Skin.
- Feeling Colder Than Usual.
- Changes in Heart Rate.
- Trouble Learning and Remembering.
What is a visible symptom of iodine deficiency?
Symptoms of iodine deficiency and related thyroid disorders can include: Swelling of thyroid glands in the neck. A visible lump (goiter) on your neck. Weight gain, fatigue and weakness.
What are the indicators of iodine deficiency?
An iodine deficiency can cause uncomfortable and even severe symptoms. They include swelling in the neck, pregnancy-related issues, weight gain and learning difficulties. Its symptoms are very similar to those of hypothyroidism, or low thyroid hormones.