What is the meaning of co-firing?
Cofiring is a term used to describe incorporating a secondary fuel with a primary fuel utilizing the same combustion equipment. A common application of cofiring is used in coal-fired power plants where coal use is supplemented with biomass.
What is direct firing and co-firing?
(A) Direct cofiring—biomass fed directly into the coal pulverizing mill. (B) Indirect cofiring—biomass is gasified and gas is burnt in the boiler. (C) Parallel cofiring—biomass is fired in a separate boiler and steam is fed into the steam header. 1.
What is indirect co-firing?
Indirect co-firing consists of the combustion of producer gas from biomass/waste gasification in coal-fired furnaces or lime kilns. Gasification can be thus considered a method for biomass pre-processing. separated from coal ash.
Is biomass combusted?
Biomass combustion takes place when biomass reacts with the oxygen in air to produce heat. The heat created by the burning of biomass is used in the operation of equipment such as boilers, furnaces, kilns and engines. Along with heat, carbon dioxide and water vapor are created as byproducts of the chemical reaction.
Can biomass briquettes replace coal?
While it may seem like biomass briquettes can be a good replacement for coal for generating power, these are some hindrances to their adoption on a large scale. Low energy output: Compared to coal, the energy content of biomass briquettes is low. It varies between 3200kCal/kg and 4800kCal/kg.
What is cogeneration power plant?
Cogeneration—also known as combined heat and power, distributed generation, or recycled energy—is the simultaneous production of two or more forms of energy from a single fuel source. Cogeneration power plants often operate at 50 to 70 percent higher efficiency rates than single-generation facilities.
What is gasification of biomass?
Biomass gasification is a mature technology pathway that uses a controlled process involving heat, steam, and oxygen to convert biomass to hydrogen and other products, without combustion.
How does biomass combustion work?
Most electricity generated from biomass is produced by direct combustion. Biomass is burned in a boiler to produce high-pressure steam. This steam flows over a series of turbine blades, causing them to rotate. The rotation of the turbine drives a generator, producing electricity.
Why briquetting of biomass is recommended?
Briquettes provide higher calorific value per dollar than coal when used for firing industrial boilers. Along with higher calorific value, biomass briquettes on average saved 30–40% of boiler fuel cost.
What is greatest advantage of briquette over loose biomass burning?
Compacting biomass waste into briquettes reduces the volume by 10 times, making it much easier to store and transport than loose biomass waste. Considering their shape, size, and density, briquettes are excellent for long distance transport. Likewise, loading and unloading cost are much less and are done easier.
What cogeneration means?
Cogeneration (Combined Heat and Power or CHP) is the simultaneous production of electricity and heat, both of which are used.
What is cogeneration process?
Cogeneration is the process where a simple cycle gas turbine produces electricity and steam—as well as the steam that is used in other processes, such as drying.
What is the difference between gasification and combustion?
This can be traced to the fundamental difference between gasification and combustion: in combustion, air and fuel are mixed, combusted and then exhausted at near atmospheric pressure, while in gasification oxygen is normally supplied to the gasifiers and just enough fuel is combusted to provide the heat to gasify the …
How is biomass turned into energy?
What is the torrefaction process?
Torrefaction is a thermochemical process that aims to decrease the water and volatiles contents from the biomass, thus improving some of its fuel properties: higher energy density, hydrophobic behavior, elimination of biological activity, easier grindability, more homogeneous composition and so forth.
Does torrefaction produce biochar?
1. Introduction. Torrefaction is a biomass/waste thermal decomposition process that produces a carbon-rich product—Biochar [1]. Biomass partly decomposes during this process, generating both condensable and noncondensable gasses.