Can dexmedetomidine be given intranasally?
For sedation providers outside of the operating room, dexmedetomidine (DEX) offers a safety profile similar to traditional sedatives (i.e., ketamine and midazolam) and has been reported to be efficacious when administered intranasally (IN).
How long does dog dexmedetomidine last?
Dexmedetomidine has a relatively short duration of action, with sedation lasting from 1-3 hours in dogs and cats at the recommended doses, making it ideal for short procedures or when a patient needs to be discharged on the same day as the procedure.
How long does intranasal dexmedetomidine last?
Studies have shown that the bioavailability of a single dose of intranasal dexmedetomidine by 84 μg in healthy adults is 65%, and the its peak plasma concentration lasts for 38 minutes.
Does dexmedetomidine provide sedation?
Dexmedetomidine provides a unique quality of conscious sedation which resembles natural sleep. Its administration does not result in respiratory depression. It is licensed for intensive care sedation in the UK. Its use as a perioperative sedative is growing.
What is intranasal dexmedetomidine?
Intranasal dexmedetomidine (DEX), as a novel sedation method, has been used in many clinical examinations of infants and children. However, the safety and efficacy of this method for electroencephalography (EEG) in children is limited.
What is the half life of dexmedetomidine?
Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective and potent α-2 adrenoreceptor agonist indicated for procedural and ICU sedation. It is quickly distributed into tissues with a distribution half-life of approximately 6 minutes.
Is dexmedetomidine safe for dogs?
(dexmedetomidine hydrochloride) DEXDOMITOR also is effective as a preanesthetic in dogs and cats prior to general anesthesia. DEXDOMITOR is approved for use in dogs as young as 16 weeks of age and cats as young as 12 weeks of age.
What is dexmedetomidine used for in dogs?
Dexmedetomidine HCl is indicated for use as a sedative and analgesic in dogs and cats to facilitate clinical examinations, clinical procedures, minor surgical procedures, and minor dental procedures. Dexmedetomidine HCl is also indicated for use as a preanesthetic to general anesthesia in dogs and cats.
How does dexmedetomidine cause sedation?
Dexmedetomidine works at α2-receptors both peripherally and centrally; however, the sedative and anxiolytic effects of the drug are mediated through stimulation of central α2-receptors. Activation of these receptors attenuates central nervous system excitation, especially in the locus coeruleus.
Can precedex be given orally?
Conclusions: These preliminary data suggest that dexmedetomidine may be an effective oral premedicant prior to anesthesia induction or procedural sedation. We found that it was effective even in patients with neurobehavioral disorders in whom previous attempts at sedation had failed.
What does dexmedetomidine feel like?
Review of mechanism of action and pharmacokinetics Therefore, dexmedetomidine causes sedation and analgesia without depressing the respiratory drive. The sedative properties of dexmedetomidine are produced by the stimulation of α-2 receptors on presynaptic neurons.
When should you not give your dog dexmedetomidine?
Do not use DEXDOMITOR or DEXDOMITOR 0.1 in dogs or cats, and ANTISEDAN in dogs, with cardiovascular disease, respiratory disorders, liver or kidney diseases, or in conditions of shock, severe debilitation, or stress due to extreme heat, cold or fatigue.
What are the side effects of Dexdomitor?
In Summary. Commonly reported side effects of dexmedetomidine include: bradycardia, hypotension, agitation, hypertension, nausea, and tachycardia. Other side effects include: vomiting, and xerostomia.
What is the most common side effect of dexmedetomidine?
Commonly reported side effects of dexmedetomidine include: bradycardia, hypotension, agitation, hypertension, nausea, and tachycardia. Other side effects include: vomiting, and xerostomia.
How many ml Can you give intranasal?
Do not use more than ½ to 1 ml of medication per nostril (0.2 to 0.3 is the ideal volume).
How long does intranasal midazolam take to work?
Midazolam is well absorbed after it is given into the nose. It reaches peak amounts in the blood in about 17 minutes. The half-life in adults is between 2 to 6 hours. A half-life refers to how long it takes for the body to get rid of half of the drug.
How long does it take dexmedetomidine to work?
Its onset of action is less than 5 minutes and the peak effect occur within 15 minutes. As the pharmacologic effects of dexmedetomidine can be reversed by the α2-AR antagonist atipamezole,[44] dexmedetomidine provides a titratable form of hypnotic sedation that can be readily reversed.
Is Dexdomitor reversible?
RAPIDLY REVERSES THE SEDATIVE AND ANALGESIC EFFECTS OF DEXDOMITOR IN DOGS. ANTISEDAN (atipamezole) is indicated for the reversal of the sedative and analgesic effects of DEXDOMITOR ® (dexmedetomidine hydrochloride) and DEXDOMITOR ® 0.1 (dexmedetomidine hydrochloride).
How do you do intranasal?
Using a nasal spray
- Close the nostril that is not receiving the medication. Do this by gently pressing on that side of your nose.
- Gently insert the bottle tip into the other nostril.
- Breathe in deeply through that nostril as you squeeze the bottle.
- Repeat if directed.
- If directed, repeat steps 1–4 for the other nostril.
How many mL Can you give intranasal?
What does Dexdomitor do to dogs?
PROVIDES SEDATION AND ANALGESIA, AND WORKS AS A PREANESTHETIC, FOR DOGS AND CATS. DEXDOMITOR is indicated for use as a sedative and analgesic in dogs and cats to facilitate clinical examinations, clinical procedures, minor surgical procedures and minor dental procedures.
Can Dexdomitor cause seizures in dogs?
The use of DEXDOMITOR as a preanesthetic in dogs and cats significantly reduces the amount of induction and maintenance anesthetic requirements. Careful patient monitoring is necessary to avoid anesthetic overdose. Arrhythmias, bradycardia, apnea, emesis, convulsions, hypersalivation may occur with DEXDOMITOR use.