What is medial scapular winging?
The term ‘winged scapula’ (also scapula alata) is used when the muscles of the scapula are too weak or paralyzed, resulting in a limited ability to stabilize the scapula. As a result, the medial or lateral borders of the scapula protrudes from back, like wings.
What is lateral scapular winging?
Again, lateral scapular winging is due to damage to the trapezius or rhomboid muscles. The scapula will move laterally due to unopposed muscle strength attributed to the trapezium or rhomboid paralysis or weakness.
How do you describe the winging of the scapula?
Scapular winging, sometimes called a winged scapula, is a condition that affects the shoulder blades. Scapula is the anatomical term for the shoulder blade. The shoulder blades usually rest flat against the back of the chest wall. Scapular winging occurs when a shoulder blade sticks out.
What causes medial winging?
Medial winging is the result of serratus anterior paralysis from injury to the long thoracic nerve. The most common etiology is neuropraxia after blunt or stretch injury.
What causes bilateral scapular winging?
Bilateral scapular winging (scapula alata) is commonly caused by systemic disease, especially muscular dystrophy or spinal muscular atrophy. Bilateral long thoracic nerve palsy by weight training should be known as one of the cause for the “scapula alata”.
What is pseudo winging?
Background. Winging of the scapula occurs when the medial border of the scapula is more prominent than normal. Classically, this is caused by injury or dysfunction of the long thoracic nerve with subsequent paralysis of the serratus anterior muscle. Winging of the scapula due to other causes is known as pseudo-winging.
What is true winging?
True winging of the scapula is caused by serratus anterior muscle palsy. Any other cause of winging deformity such as tumor, glenohumeral instability, fracture, paralysis of the trapezius muscle, or others is considered pseudo-winging of the scapula [3].
What muscles medially rotate the humerus?
The subscapularis is the largest component of the posterior wall of the axilla. It prevents the anterior dislocation of the humerus during abduction and medially rotates the humerus.
What causes anterior tilt of scapula?
The muscles that contribute to anterior scapular tilt are the: Pectoralis minor. Levator scapulae. Rhomboid (vaguely)
Can a rotator cuff injury cause scapular winging?
Secondary scapular winging is the result of a problem somewhere else in the shoulder complex. That other problem could be a rotator cuff tear, shoulder bursitis, shoulder dislocation, or a frozen shoulder. Osteochondroma (bone tumors) can also cause secondary scapular winging.
What is pseudo winging of scapula?
Winging of the scapula occurs when the medial border of the scapula is more prominent than normal. Classically, this is caused by injury or dysfunction of the long thoracic nerve with subsequent paralysis of the serratus anterior muscle. Winging of the scapula due to other causes is known as pseudo-winging.
What causes scapular winging?
The commonest cause of scapular winging is serratus anterior paralysis, a dysfunction attributed to traumatic [2, 4, 8, 9, 11], non-traumatic [6, 8, 11, 28, 41, 51–53], and idiopathic [6, 8, 11, 28–30] lesions of the long thoracic nerve.
What is Sprengel deformity?
Sprengel deformity is a rare congenital disorder in which the shoulder blade (scapula) is too high on one side of the body. The affected abnormal shoulder blade is also abnormally connected to the spine, often restricting movement of the shoulder.
What muscles are weak with scapular winging?
Difficulty with either task suggests weakness of the rhomboids, but this may be masked by trapezius hypertrophy [21]. Due to the rhomboids anatomical position deep to the trapezius muscle and the subtleness of the scapular winging, rhomboid paralysis is a difficult diagnosis.
Is winged scapula the same as scapular Dyskinesis?
Scapular winging is marked by the shoulder blade protruding out on the back instead of lying flat (Figure 1). Scapular dyskinesis, where the shoulder blade moves abnormally, is common and is usually due to mild muscle imbalances.
Is medial rotation the same as internal rotation?
In anatomy, internal rotation (also known as medial rotation) is an anatomical term referring to rotation towards the center of the body.
Is lateral and medial the same?
A lateral orientation is a position away from the midline of the body. For instance, the arms are lateral to the chest, and the ears are lateral to the head. A medial orientation is a position toward the midline of the body. An example of medial orientation is the eyes, which are medial to the ears on the head.
What is medial lateral?
Medial – toward the midline of the body (example, the middle toe is located at the medial side of the foot). Lateral – away from the midline of the body (example, the little toe is located at the lateral side of the foot).
What is downward rotation of the scapula?
Downward rotation of the scapula occurs as the arm is returned to the side from a raised position. The motion is described similar to upward rotation, except that the clavicle depresses at the SC joint and the scapula downwardly rotates at the AC joint.
What causes Sprengel’s deformity?
Sprengel deformity typically occurs sporadically for no apparent reason but autosomal dominant inheritance has been reported. It is caused by an interruption of normal development and movement of the scapula during early fetal growth (probably between the 9th and 12th weeks of gestation).